Sun tanning beds - Prevalence

Prevalence

Tanning-device use

Tanning sales space, 2008

Nearly all research have discovered the next prevalence amongst girls and women than males and boys. An indoor tanner is more likely to be a white feminine, 16?25 years outdated, with low-to-moderate pores and skin sensitivity, who is aware of different tanners. Research looking for to hyperlink indoor tanning to training degree and earnings have returned inconsistent outcomes. Prevalence was highest in a single German examine amongst these with a average degree of training (neither excessive nor low).

The late teenagers to early?mid 20s is the highest-prevalence age group. In a nationwide survey of white youngsters in 2003 within the US (aged 13?19), 24% had used a tanning facility. Indoor-tanning prevalence figures within the US range from 30 million every year to simply below 10 million (7.eight million girls and 1.9 million males).

The figures within the US are in decline: in line with the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, utilization within the 18?29 age group fell from 11.three % in 2010 to eight.6 % in 2013, maybe attributable partly to a 10% "tanning tax" launched in 2010. Attitudes towards tanning range throughout states; in a single examine, medical doctors within the northeast and midwest of the nation have been extra doubtless than these within the south or west to suggest tanning beds to deal with vitamin D deficiency and despair.

Tanning mattress use is extra prevalent in northern international locations. In Sweden in 2001, 44% stated that they had used one (in a survey of 1,752 women and men aged 18?37). Their use elevated in Denmark between 1994 and 2002 from 35% to 50% (reported use within the earlier two years). In Germany, between 29% and 47% had used one, and one survey discovered that 21% had achieved so within the earlier 12 months. In France, 15% of adults in 1994?1995 had tanned indoors; the apply was extra frequent within the north of France. In 2006, 12% of grade 9?10 college students in Canada had used a tanning mattress within the final 12 months. In 2004, 7% of eight?11-year-olds in Scotland stated that they had used one. Tanning mattress use is larger within the UK within the north of England. One examine discovered that the prevalence was decrease in London than in much less city areas of the nation.

Density of services

Tanning services are ubiquitous within the US, though the figures are in decline. In a examine within the US printed in 2002, there was the next density in colder areas with a decrease median earnings and better proportion of whites. A examine in 1997 discovered a median of 50.three indoor-tanning services in 20 US cities (13.89 services for each 100,000 residents); the very best was 134 in Minneapolis, MN, and the bottom 4 in Honolulu, Hawaii. In 2006 a examine of 116 cities within the US discovered 41.eight services on common, the next density than both Starbucks or McDonalds. Of the nation's 125 prime faculties and universities in 2014, 12% had indoor-tanning services on campus and 42.four% in off-campus housing, 96% of the latter freed from cost to the tenants.

There are fewer skilled salons than tanning services; the latter consists of tanning beds in gyms, spas and comparable. In response to the FDA, citing the Indoor Tanning Affiliation, there have been 25,000 tanning salons in 2010 within the US (inhabitants 308.7 million in 2010). Mailing-list information counsel there have been 18,200 in September 2008 and 12,200 in September 2015, a decline of 30 %. In response to Chris Sternberg of the American Suntanning Affiliation, the figures are 18,000 in 2009 and 9,500 in 2016.

The South West Public Health Observatory discovered 5,350 tanning salons within the UK in 2009: four,492 in England (inhabitants 52.6 million in 2010), 484 in Scotland (5.three million), 203 in Wales (three million) and 171 in Northern Eire (1.eight million).